Before we drill down into Investing Basics some CAVEATS:
- There is no substitute for starting young
- Time + Discipline = Wealth
- The sad truth is that when we are young and have the time we frequently don’t have the discipline and when we are older we have the urgency of discipline but are out of runway when it comes to time
‘In The Richest Man in Babylon, a book by George Samuel Clason which dispenses financial advice through a collection of parables set in ancient times. Through their experiences in business and managing risk in household finance, the characters in the parables learn simple lessons in financial wisdom. By basing these parables in ancient times, but involving situations that modern people can understand and identify with, the author presents these lessons as timeless wisdom that is as relevant today as it was back then.’ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Richest_Man_in_Babylon_%28book%29
I suggest you rush out and spend the $5 or so that it will take you to get a copy.
In this classic, the Richest Man is Babylon – suggestions are given on how to get ready for the last of life.
- A part of what you earn is yours to keep
- Control your expenditures (live below your income) Remember the 80-10-10 rule?
- Put your money to work. Albert Einstein says that the greatest invention of modern man is compound interest. (More on that in a minute).
- Mitigate risk. Do your best not to make foolish or overly risky investments. You may not make great returns ON your money, but do your best to always ensure return OF your money
- Make your home a profitable investment…or don’t buy. Don’t buy more than you can afford and carefully examine the marketplace before you buy.
- Insure a future income by sending a portion of what you earn on ahead for the older person you will one day be.
- Increase your ability to earn, better education, new skills, multiple income streams, sound investments.
First, let’s look at two money principles and one classic example.
1. Rule of 72
For those of you not familiar with this principle, any two numbers that can be multiplied to equal 72 are the interest rate and number of years it takes to double your investment.
For example:
- An investment at 4% compounded annually takes 18 years to double.
- An investment at 6% compounded annually takes 12 years to double.
- An investment at 8% compounded annually takes 9 years to double.
2. Compound Interest
A dramatic example of compound interest is the classic illustration about taking a penny and doubling the amount in your hand every day for a month. With compound interest, your money works while you sleep. Try that and see what compounding works. Albert Einstein called Compound Interest the greatest invention of modern man.
The Wealthy Barber
‘The Wealthy Barber is a personal finance book by David Chilton. The book is structured around a story of three people in their late 20s visiting Roy, the title character, for lessons in financial planning. Each chapter of the book describes a different visit and a different element of financial planning. Each month along with their lessons the three students are required to start carrying out the actions prescribed by Roy. In addition to these individuals, Roy also shares his financial knowledge with the customers of his barber shop.’
‘The story is set primarily in Ontario Sarnia, Ontario, where Roy has been operating a barbershop for several decades. As a young man, Roy had planned to become a lawyer, but those plans are derailed. He ends up taking over his father’s barbershop. Worried about money, Roy visits Mr. White, one of the town’s wealthiest men, and asks for advice on financial planning. This advice paves the way for Roy’s accumulating wealth. The basis of the book is Roy’s advice to “save 10 per cent of all that you earn and invest it for long-term growth.” In that, it draws from the advice first set forth in The Richest Man in Babylon. ‘
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wealthy_Barber
The story is about twin boys who begin their lives committed to save for their retirement. They launched their work lives immediately after they finished college at age 22. The first twin decided he could not begin saving until he was 28 years because he was focused on investing heavily into his business to get it strong enough so he could afford to begin to save. The other twin decided to exercise the discipline (there’s that word again) and started saving $2,000/year immediately upon graduation. That’s just $5.47/day or $166.67/month. Suppose with me he invested the money at 12% compound in a tax deferred IRA. I know, nobody much gets 12% these days…that’s why I said “Suppose with me.”
When the boys reached 28 years of age, the first twin decided it was time for him to begin saving for retirement and he began investing $2,000/year at 12% compound interest and he continued to do that every year for 36 years until he reached age 64.
The second twin reached 28 years of age (obviously on the same day) and decided that he was finished investing and would simply let his six years of investing at $2,000/year create his nest egg.
Which one had the biggest retirement fund at retirement?
The first twin who deferred his savings until age 28 and continued his practice every year until age 64 had a pre-distribution value of a little over $1,074,000.
The second twin who only saved for 6 years and then quit came to age 64 with a nest egg of $1,085,000.
Can I get a witness here for STARTING EARLY??
I told you that TIME was a huge component of wealth unless you were born wealthy, have won the lottery or are very lucky. Better bet on Time + Discipline if you want to retire wealthy.
So, how do you get there? It’s a bit like the mosquito at the nudist colony. You are now armed with the notion of what to do, just not where to start.
Corporate 401k/403B- If your employer offers a matching retirement account, start by maximizing your investment. At a minimum, invest the maximum for which your employer deposits matching funds, regardless of the amount of the match.
Take a moment to calculate the percentage of return you get each year based on their matching dollars. It’s hard to match that anywhere else. Plus, that is deferred income on which you do not pay tax until you take a distribution when you decide to retire…presumably when your tax bracket will be lower.
CAUTION: Always, always read the fine print on your corporate retirement account. Get some advice on which of the investment options you will elect for the management of your funds and reexamine the performance and risks every year at the time of open enrollment for other company benefits.
In addition, whenever you leave the employ of a company, consider rolling over your 401K to an appropriate IRA where you have more control over how the money is invested. You have 60 days from the time you remove your 401K/403B to place them with another custodian and plan.
My personal preference is to find a Registered Investment Advisor (RIA) who does two things: 1) invests his/her own money in whatever he/she invests for you, and 2) charges you a fee that is no more than 2% annually, paid at the rate ½% per quarter. If at any time your RIA starts making more on fees than you do on your portfolio, change advisors.
Investment management & Estate planning
Speaking about financial advisors, it is always wise to interview financial advisors so they can compete for your business. Here are some questions you will want to ask:
- Get a list of at least 3 planners/advisors to interview
- Check credentials…I prefer someone who has successfully traded his/her own account for years and is knowledgeable in a large range of financial issues rather than someone who just wants to sell me a particular product type. See if they have had any complaints lodged against them
- Pay a few bucks to somebody like Intellius and do a background check before you decide
- Ask to see your planner’s SEC ADV Form, Part II
- Check with your State’s Security Commission to ensure a clean record
- Ask what experience the advisor has
- Ask tough questions. Think of this as a job interview, and you are the employer this time
- What are your advisor’s qualifications
- What services does he/she offer
- What is the approach to financial planning
- Where does my money go in your system? Is it part of a large pool that some other analysts and money managers manipulate or are you actively involved in what happens to my money
- Will your advisor simply have system triggers to manage my money or will you be actively involved in watching the market for me
- Will your advisor be the only person working with you
- How will I pay for your services
- How will you communicate with me regarding the performance of my portfolio
- Will you be investing your own money in the same things you recommend for me
- How do you define success for a client
- How much do you typically charge
- Could anyone besides me benefit from your recommendations
- Have you or your firm ever been publicly disciplined for any unlawful/unethical actions in your professional career
- Ask for references, both professional and clients and call them
- Listen carefully to the questions the prospects ask you. If the planner just asks about your income and assets, be cautious. He/she should want to know far more about: your family, your goals, and your risk tolerance. You are looking for someone to hire to help you make your nest egg last in retirement
- Can I have it in writing
Well, that’s a short course on investing for your own retirement, but what about your eternal retirement? How important is it for you to pay attention to your investments in heaven?
Are you aware that the Bible has “devoted twice as many verses to money (about 2,350 of them) than to faith and prayer?” And Jesus spent 15% of His recorded words on the subject of money and possessions. That’s more than any other subject.[i]
Our eternal salvation is not determined by how much we give. Our eternal salvation is determined by faith in Jesus Christ. However, our attitude towards our money and possessions is a direct reflection of the true spiritual condition of our hearts. Jesus said as much and in so doing He taught some investing basics for His disciples.
19“Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy and where thieves break in and steal, 20 but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys and where thieves do not break in and steal. 21 For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also. 22 “The eye is the lamp of the body. So, if your eye is healthy, your whole body will be full of light, 23 but if your eye is bad, your whole body will be full of darkness. If then the light in you is darkness, how great is the darkness! 24 “No one can serve two masters, for either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will be devoted to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and money. Matthew 6:19-24
[i] Alcorn, Randy. Money, Possessions, and Eternity. Tyndale Publishing, 2003. 3-4.